Ishami ry'Umuryango w'abibumbye ryita ku buzima (World Health Organization - WHO), rivuga ko gukuramo inda bidakozwe neza ari ikibazo cy’ingutu ku buzima ndetse no ku burenganzira bw’umugore aho nibura 77% z’ibikorwa byo gukuramo inda bifatwa nk’ibyateza ingaruka, haba mu gukorwa n’abatabifitiye ububasha n’ubushobozi cyangwa bikozwe mu buryo budakurikije amabwiriza abigenga.

Ingingo ya 14 igice cyayo cya kabiri mu gika (c), y’Amasezarano ya Maputo “The Maputo Protocol” ategeka ibihugu byayasinye gushyiraho ingamba zihamye zo kurinda uburenganzira ku buzima bw'imyororokere y'umugore, hibandwa ku gukurirwamo inda kwa muganga igihe yakoreshejwe imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato, yasambanyijwe n’uwo bava inda imwe n’igihe inda yagira ingaruka ku mubiri no ku buzima bwo mu mutwe bw’uyitwite.

“The Maputo Protocol” ni amasezerano nyafurika yerekeye kurinda uburenganzira bw’umugore muri Afurika, yemejwe ku ya 11 Nyakanga 2003 i Maputo, muri Mozambique n’abakuru b’ibihugu na za guverinoma. Kugeza ubu ibihugu by’Afurika bigera kuri 46 byamaze kuyemeza, u Rwanda rukaba rwarayemeje ku ya 25 Kamena 2004.

Mu Rwanda, ibigomba kubahirizwa kugira ngo muganga akuriremo umuntu inda bigenwa n’Iteka rya Minisitiri N°002/MoH/2019 ryo ku wa 08/04/2019.

Iri teka rivuga ko umuntu usaba gukurirwamo inda agomba kugaragaza mu nyandiko ko yemeye ko bayikuramo amaze gusobanurirwa ibyerekeranye no gukuramo inda byose. Iyo ushaka gukurirwamo inda ari umwana, abisabirwa n’abamuhagarariye bemewe n’amategeko nyuma yo kubyumvikanaho. Iyo abamuhagarariye bemewe n’amategeko batumvikanye hagati yabo cyangwa batumvikanye n’umwana, icyifuzo cy’umwana nicyo kitabwaho.

Iri teka kandi risobanura ko gukuramo inda byemewe n’amategeko igihe utwite ari umwana, ubisaba yarkoreshejwe imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato, yarayitwaye nyuma yo kubanishwa ku gahato n’undi nk’umugore n’umugabo, yarayitewe n’uwo bafitanye isano ya hafi kugera ku gisanira cya kabiri no kuba inda ibangamiye ubuzima bw’utwite cyangwa ubw’umwana atwite.

Mu Rwanda kandi ingingo ya 123 y' Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, igaragaza ko kwikuramo inda ari icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko. Iyo umuntu abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’umwaka umwe ariko kitarenze imyaka itatu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi 100,000frw ariko atarenze 200,000frw.

Naho ingingo ya 124 y’iri tegeko ivuga ko umuntu wese ukuramo undi muntu inda, aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itatu ariko kitarenze imyaka itanu.

Iyi ngingo ikomeza ivuga ko umuntu wese, ku bw’uburangare cyangwa umwete muke, utuma umuntu akuramo inda, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’umwaka umwe ariko kitarenze imyaka ibiri n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 300,000frw ariko atarenze 500,000frw cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.

Ahandi, iyi ngingo isobanura ko iyo gukuramo inda biteye ubumuga byemejwe n’umuganga ubifitiye ububasha, uwakoze icyaha ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka 20 ariko kitarenze imyaka 25. Iyo byateye urupfu, uwakuriwemo inda yaba yabyemeye cyangwa atabyemeye, uwakoze icyaha ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu.

Mu gihe nyuma yo gukurirwamo inda bigaragaye ko uwayikuriwemo yatanze amakuru atariyo, yirengera ingaruka hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’amategeko, kuko hari abagikoresha inzira zitizewe kubera kutamenya uburenganzira bwabo, amategeko abigena cyangwa gutinya kugana serivisi zemewe.

Gukoresha inzira zitemewe si ukwishyira mu kaga gusa, ahubwo ni n’icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko. Ni byiza kugana inzego z’ubuzima igihe wifuza gukurirwamo inda kubera impamvu zavuzwe haruguru, kuko uburenganzira bwo kubona serivisi zemewe burahari.